擴大粵港澳大灣區光伏發電消費占比建議 ——《粵港澳大灣區綠色發展報告（2020）》

擴大粵港澳大灣區光伏發電消費占比建議

王元勝

 

摘要：

隨著光伏技術的不斷進步，光伏發電成本快速下降，光伏發電優勢愈加明顯，全球光伏市場規模不斷增長。同時，我國作為全球最大的光伏生產國和應用國，持續引領全球光伏產業發展。2018年我國光伏年度新增裝機連續第六年和累計裝機連續第四年蟬聯全球第一，我國具備全球最完整的光伏產業鏈，產業鏈各環節產量均占到全球產量70%以上。近十年來，我國光伏發電成本下降90%，光伏已經成為我國為數不多的、具有國際競爭優勢的戰略性新興產業。未來，我國光伏技術和成本仍將繼續領先於全球。

伴隨我國經濟發展進入新階段，我國能源發展也面臨新的變化。黨的十九大提出“推進能源生產和消費革命，構建清潔低碳、安全高效的能源體系”。目前，我國可再生能源生產和消費總量位居全球第一，但是我國能源消費仍以煤炭為主，煤炭消費占比遠高於全球平均水準，可再生能源消費占比低於全球平均水準。我國可再生能源規劃較為保守，已落後於行業發展腳步，我國既有的能源戰略對光伏等技術驅動型能源變化趨勢的前瞻性認識不足，將可能導致我國失去在新能源領域的發展先機。

在改革開放的引領下，粵港澳大灣區區域經濟水準不斷發展，國際競爭力也顯著提高。當前，中國經濟發展下行壓力較大，從全球經驗來看，灣區模式將是帶動經濟發展的重要推動器。粵港澳大灣區的快速發展離不開綠色能源的支持，亟需建立綠色、低碳的能源結構。

為加速推動粵港澳大灣區能源結構轉型，建議擴大粵港澳大灣區光伏發電消費占比，為促進我國能源生產和消費持續向綠色、低碳方向發展做好示範引領。

關鍵字：

光伏；能源結構；可再生能源；粵港澳大灣區

作者簡介：

王元勝，隆基綠能科技股份有限公司戰略管理部行業研究專員，從事產業發展趨勢、技術成本路線、投資佈局等方面的研究。

 

Increasing the proportion of renewable energy - Photovoltaic

Wang Yuansheng

 

Abstract: With the continuous progress of photovoltaic technology, the cost of photovoltaic power generation decreases rapidly, the economy of photovoltaic power generation becomes more and more obvious, and the scale of global photovoltaic market continues to grow. At the same time, China, as the world's largest photovoltaic production and application country, continues to lead the global photovoltaic industry development. In 2018, China's new photovoltaic installed units ranked first in the world for the sixth consecutive year, and the accumulative installed units ranked first in the world for the fourth consecutive year. China has the most complete photovoltaic industry chain in the world and the output of each link of the industry chain accounts for more than 70% of the global output. Over the past decade, the cost of photovoltaic power generation in China has dropped by 90%. Photovoltaic has become one of the few strategic emerging industries with international competitive advantages in China. In the future, China's photovoltaic technology and cost will continue to lead the world.

With China's economic development entering a new stage, China's energy development is also facing new changes. The Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China has put forward the idea of "promoting the revolution of energy production and consumption, and building a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system". At present, China's total renewable production and consumption ranks first in the world, but China's energy consumption is still dominated by coal, the proportion of coal consumption is far higher than the global average, and the proportion of renewable energy consumption is lower than the global average. China's renewable energy planning is relatively conservative, and has lagged behind the pace of industry development. Our existing energy strategy lacks a forward-looking understanding of the trend of technology-driven energy, such as photovoltaic, which may lead to the loss of development opportunities in the field of new energy.

Under the guidance of reform and opening up, the regional economic level of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao has been developing continuously, and the international competitiveness has significantly improved. At present, China's economic development is under great downward pressure. From the global experience, the bay area model will be an important driver of economic development. The rapid development of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao can not be separated from the support of green energy, so it is urgent to establish a green and low-carbon energy structure. In order to accelerate the transformation of energy structure in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao Bay area, it is suggested to expand the proportion of photovoltaic power consumption in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao Bay area, so as to promote the sustainable development of energy production and consumption in China in the direction of green and low carbon.

Key Words：Photovoltaic; Energy-resource structure; Renewable energy; Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao Dawan District